Berberine

Description

Berberine is a yellow-colored compound extracted from various plants like barberry and goldenseal. It's categorized as an isoquinoline alkaloid, which is a type of naturally occurring chemical substance known for various biological effects. The benefits of berberine may include the management of several conditions, including diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. As a dietary supplement, berberine is not regulated as a prescription medication.

Directions

Berberine typically comes as an oral supplement. The dosage can vary but is generally 500 mg two to three times daily, taken before or with meals to help with absorption. It’s recommended to consult a healthcare professional, as berberine can interact with various medications. Long-term monitoring may be needed to assess the drug’s effects on the body.

Ingredients

Berberine is an alkaloid extracted from various plants, including the genera Berberis (e.g., barberry), Hydrastis (goldenseal), and Mahonia (Oregon grape). It is traditionally sourced from the roots, bark, and stems and appears as a yellow compound that contributes to the plants' color.

Contraindications

While berberine has shown potential benefits, it's important for individuals to be aware of certain contraindications. You should avoid taking berberine if any of the following apply:

• Pregnancy: Berberine can potentially cause harm to the fetus and should not be used during pregnancy.
• Infancy and Early Childhood: Due to possible risks, infants and young children should not take berberine.
• Liver Disease: Individuals with liver problems should exercise caution as berberine may worsen liver issues.

Cautions

• Before taking berberine, you may want to consult a doctor or healthcare provider about:
• Any medical conditions you have.
• Other medications you take.
• Whether you have allergic reactions to any medications.

• Avoid combining berberine with cyclosporine, as berberine may slow the breakdown of this medication, increasing its potential side effects.
• Be cautious when using berberine with dextromethorphan, losartan, and various medications metabolized by the liver, as berberine may alter how quickly these drugs are processed by the liver, potentially changing their effects and side effects.
• For those on diabetes medications, berberine may lower blood sugar levels. Therefore, it's important to monitor blood sugar closely, as the combination may lead to low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
• Berberine can also lower blood pressure, so using it alongside blood pressure drugs might result in severe low blood pressure.
• If you're taking medications that slow blood clotting, be aware that berberine might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
• Berberine may increase the levels of metformin in the body, particularly when taken two hours before metformin, increasing its effects or side effects.
• Berberine may interact with herbs and supplements, particularly those that lower blood pressure or blood sugar, slow blood clotting, or have sedative properties. Examples include CBD, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, and L-arginine.
• Probiotics may be less effective when taken with berberine.
• There are no known interactions with foods. Berberine is typically used in doses of 0.4-1.5 grams daily, but it’s recommended to consult a healthcare provider for advice on the appropriate dosage for your specific condition.

Side Effects

Taking berberine may lead to side effects. Common berberine side effects may include gastrointestinal issues such as constipation, diarrhea, gas, and stomach cramps. Some individuals might also experience headaches, dizziness, and fatigue.

In rare cases, berberine may lead to more severe side effects that could warrant immediate medical attention. These serious adverse effects may include liver problems and allergic reactions, with symptoms like difficulty breathing, chest pain, hives, swelling, and itching. If any severe side effects develop, seek help from a healthcare provider.

References:

1. Berberine Herbs and Supplements.MedlinePlus; 2023.

LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. Berberine. [Updated 2020 Oct 6].

About Dr. Gerardo Sison (Page Author)

An honors graduate of the University of Florida, Dr. Sison started his pharmacy career in a community setting, extending his services to hospitals and clinics over time. He has also worked in medication therapy management, advising patients on proper medication use for their chronic health conditions. Read More....