Hanzema (Alitretinoin)

Description

Hanzema (Alitretinoin) is a medication derived from vitamin A and falls under the category of retinoids, which are commonly used to treat skin conditions. Alitretinoin works by targeting the function of cells within the skin, which may help reduce inflammation and promote healing. It's specifically prescribed for severe chronic hand eczema that does not improve with other treatments like skin protection and high-potency topical corticosteroids. This oral medication may offer relief for those who have struggled with persistent skin issues on their hands.

Directions

Hanzema is taken orally. The standard dosage for adults dealing with severe chronic hand eczema usually begins from 10 mg to 30 mg taken once daily. Patients need to swallow the capsules whole, without chewing or breaking them open, and they can do so with or without food. It's important they take this medication at the same time each day. Always follow the instructions from a healthcare provider.

Ingredients

Alitretinoin is the primary ingredient in Hanzema.

Contraindications

Do not use this medication if any of the following apply:

• Women who are pregnant, due to the risk of birth defects, as Hanzema is a known teratogen.
• Individuals with a hypersensitivity to alitretinoin or any other component of the medication.
• Patients who have severely impaired liver or kidney function.
• Anyone experiencing exceedingly high levels of vitamin A in their body, also known as hypervitaminosis A.
• People on tetracycline antibiotics, since the combination with Hanzema can increase the risk of intracranial hypertension.

Cautions

• Before initiating treatment with Hanzema, make sure to disclose the following to your healthcare provider:
• Any existing health conditions
• Known allergies
• A complete list of medications you are currently using
• Your status regarding pregnancy or breastfeeding

• Hanzema can cause severe birth defects. Women of childbearing potential must commit to stringent pregnancy prevention measures, including using two effective forms of contraception—one month before, during, and one month after treatment. Monthly pregnancy tests are mandatory.
• Patients may experience benign intracranial hypertension, characterized by headaches, nausea, visual disturbances, and papilledema. If these symptoms appear, stop taking Hanzema immediately.
• Effective methods include tubal sterilization, partner’s vasectomy, IUDs, and hormonal contraceptives. Secondary methods such as condoms or diaphragms should be used concurrently.
• Do not donate blood during treatment or for one month after the end of treatment to prevent exposure to pregnant transfusion recipients.
• Increases in cholesterol and triglyceride levels may occur. Monitor these levels regularly, and consider discontinuing Hanzema if levels become unmanageable or if symptoms of pancreatitis arise.
• Changes in thyroid function tests have been noted. Monitor thyroid function, particularly TSH and T4 levels.
• Hanzema may exacerbate or trigger inflammatory bowel diseases. Severe gastrointestinal symptoms require immediate discontinuation of the medication.
• Monitor liver enzymes during treatment. Persistent elevation may necessitate a reduction in dosage or complete discontinuation.
• Hanzema may affect bone health, including premature closure of growth plates in younger individuals.
• Monitor for signs of depression, mood changes, or suicidal thoughts. If any psychiatric symptoms develop, consider discontinuing Hanzema and provide appropriate psychological support.
• Avoid excessive sunlight and UV exposure. Use moisturizing creams to manage dry skin and a high-SPF sunscreen to protect against sunburn.
• Dry eyes may occur, necessitating the use of lubricating eye ointment. If visual difficulties persist, consult an ophthalmologist immediately.
• Continue using effective contraception for at least one month after completing treatment to ensure no risk of pregnancy.

Side Effects

Hanzema can cause several common side effects, such as headaches and an increase in blood fats, including triglycerides and cholesterol. Some people might experience a rise in blood platelets or a decrease in red and white blood cells. Thyroid issues, resulting in lowered hormone levels, and eye problems like conjunctivitis are also noted. Patients may feel muscle and joint pain, and experience various skin conditions, including dryness and itching.

More severe reactions include significant vision changes or mental health concerns, such as depression or mood alterations, which can be severe enough to affect daily functioning. If vision problems persist or worsen, they may impair the ability to drive or operate machinery safely. Severe allergic reactions, such as swelling of the face or difficulty breathing, require immediate medical intervention. Additionally, any new or worsening symptoms, especially those related to the stomach or breathing, should be reported to a healthcare provider right away.

References

Hanzema (Alitretinoin) Product Monograph. Princeton, NJ: Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, Inc.; 2018.

About Dr. Gerardo Sison (Page Author)

An honors graduate of the University of Florida, Dr. Sison started his pharmacy career in a community setting, extending his services to hospitals and clinics over time. He has also worked in medication therapy management, advising patients on proper medication use for their chronic health conditions. Read More....