Pegasys (Peginterferon Alfa-2a)

Description

Pegasys, or Peginterferon Alfa-2a, is a medication produced using recombinant DNA technology. It works by stimulating the body's immune system to fight off viral infections, and it belongs to a class of drugs known as interferons. Healthcare providers typically prescribe Pegasys for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, a viral infection that affects the liver. Sometimes, it's also used to treat chronic hepatitis B, another serious liver infection.

Directions

Patients should administer Pegasys subcutaneously, meaning the injection goes just under the skin. Typically, adults and children aged five and older may receive a starting dose that varies depending on their medical condition, body weight, and any other medications they might be taking. It's important to follow the specific dosing schedule prescribed by a healthcare provider, which often includes weekly injections.

Ingredients

Peginterferon Alfa-2a is the key active ingredient in Pegasys.

Contraindications

Avoid taking or using this medication if any of the following apply:

• Known allergies to Pegasys or any of its components
• Autoimmune hepatitis or other conditions that the drug might worsen
• Severe hepatic impairment or decompensated liver disease
• Use in neonates and infants

Cautions

• Consult a healthcare provider about any of the following before starting treatment with Pegasys medication:
• Whether you have any allergies
• Whether you’re pregnant or breastfeeding
• If you have other medical conditions
• If you take other medications
• If you're using Pegasys and Ribavirin, it's crucial to avoid pregnancy due to risks to the baby. You'll need a pregnancy test before starting, use two effective birth control methods, and have monthly pregnancy tests.
• Pegasys can affect how you feel and act, such as making you feel very sad or anxious. If you notice changes in your mood or thoughts of hurting yourself, it's important to tell a doctor right away.
• Those with heart conditions need to be cautious, as Pegasys might worsen these issues. Keep an eye on any new or worsening symptoms and talk to your doctor about them.
• Pegasys can lead to changes in your blood, which might make you more prone to infections or bleeding. Expect regular blood tests to monitor this.
• The medication can sometimes trigger autoimmune problems or affect your thyroid, changing your energy levels or causing high blood sugar. Report any new symptoms to your healthcare provider.
• Vision changes or other eye issues can occur with Pegasys. If you experience any changes in your sight, don't wait to get it checked out.
• Although it's rare, there's a slight increase in the risk of stroke. Be aware of stroke signs like sudden weakness or difficulty speaking, and seek immediate medical help if they occur.
• For those with liver disease, especially from hepatitis, Pegasys could make liver health worse. Liver function will be closely monitored.
• Some people may experience problems with their breathing. If it becomes hard to breathe, see a doctor as soon as possible.
• Your ability to fight off infections might be weaker with Pegasys. Watch out for signs of infection and report them.
• If you have severe abdominal pain, it could be a sign of pancreatitis or colitis. These need immediate medical attention.
• Watch out for any new or severe changes in your skin. Serious reactions need quick medical care.
• For kids on Pegasys, there's a watchful eye on growth, as it can be affected by the treatment.
• Combining Pegasys with telbivudine can cause nerve pain. Let your doctor know if you experience this.

Side Effects

Pegasys treatment often leads to flu-like symptoms, including fatigue, fever, chills, muscle and joint pain, and headaches. Pegasys side effects may be lessened by taking the dose in the evening and using specific over-the-counter medications as advised by a healthcare provider.

Pegasys may cause serious health issues, such as blood disorders leading to anemia, infections, and bleeding problems; thyroid irregularities affecting weight and temperature sensitivity; and blood sugar fluctuations that could trigger or worsen diabetes. Vision problems, potentially resulting in loss of sight, significant liver issues including failure, lung complications like pneumonia, intestinal and pancreatic inflammation, severe allergic reactions, impacts on children's growth, and nerve damage in those treated for hepatitis B are also risks. Undergo regular health checks and consult a healthcare provider immediately upon noticing any severe symptoms.

References:

1. Pegasys (Peginterferon Alfa-2a) Product Monograph. Vienna, AUT: zr pharma& GmbH; 2021.
2. Pegasys (Peginterferon Alfa-2a) Drug Label Information. Vienna, AUT: zr pharma& GmbH; 2024.

About Dr. Gerardo Sison (Page Author)

An honors graduate of the University of Florida, Dr. Sison started his pharmacy career in a community setting, extending his services to hospitals and clinics over time. He has also worked in medication therapy management, advising patients on proper medication use for their chronic health conditions. Read More....