Plegridy (Peginterferon)

Description

Plegridy (Peginterferon beta-1a) is a medication specifically tailored for individuals diagnosed with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), including clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease in adults. It works as a long-acting form of interferon, a protein that modifies the body's immune response and inflammation. Classified as a pegylated interferon, Plegridy has a structure that allows it to maintain its effects in the body for an extended duration. Physicians prescribe this medication to manage MS symptoms and delay the progression of physical disability.

Directions

When taking Plegridy, patients should administer it either subcutaneously or intramuscularly. The recommended dosage is 125 mcg every 14 days. Titration is key at the beginning; patients start with 63 mcg on the first day, increase to 94 mcg on day 15, and reach the full dose of 125 mcg by day 29. Injection sites typically include the abdomen and the back of the upper arm, among others.

It’s important to rotate injection sites with each dose to minimize skin irritation. Patients or caregivers should be familiar with the proper technique for injections and always follow the specific guidelines provided with the medication.

Ingredients

Plegridy contains the active ingredient Peginterferon beta-1a. Inactive ingredients include L-arginine hydrochloride, glacial acetic acid, and polysorbate 20.

Contraindications

Avoid taking or using this medication if there is a known allergy to natural or recombinant interferon beta or any other component of Plegridy.

Cautions

• Before starting treatment with Plegridy, ensure you provide your healthcare provider with the following information:
  • Any existing medical conditions
  • Known allergies
  • A list of all medications you are currently taking
  • Whether you are pregnant or breastfeeding
• Plegridy can cause serious liver damage, including hepatitis and severe liver failure. Some patients may experience increases in liver enzymes, which are signs of liver stress, without any symptoms. Regular liver tests are necessary to monitor for these changes.
• There's a noted increase in depression and suicidal thoughts among patients using interferon beta, including Plegridy. If you experience new or worsening depression or thoughts of harming yourself, it’s crucial to contact your healthcare provider immediately.
• Although rare, severe allergic reactions including anaphylaxis can occur with Plegridy. If you experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling, or severe rash, seek emergency medical attention.
• Plegridy may cause reactions at the injection site such as redness, pain, or swelling. In rare cases, the reaction can be severe, such as tissue damage (necrosis), requiring medical treatment.
• While receiving Plegridy, there's a risk of heart problems, including congestive heart failure. If you have existing heart conditions, your doctor will closely monitor your heart health during treatment.
• Plegridy can affect blood cell counts, leading to lower levels of white cells, red cells, and platelets. This can increase your risk of infections, bleeding, and anemia. Regular blood tests will help monitor these levels.
• Cases of thrombotic microangiopathy, a condition that causes blood clots to form in small blood vessels, have been reported. It’s vital to report any unusual bruising or bleeding to your doctor.
• Pulmonary arterial hypertension, a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in your lungs and the right side of your heart, has been reported in patients using interferon beta products like Plegridy.
• Treatment with Plegridy may trigger or worsen autoimmune disorders where the body's immune system attacks its own tissues, such as thyroid disorders or even hepatitis.
• If you have a history of seizures, discuss this with your doctor, as Plegridy might increase the risk of seizures.

Side Effects

Plegridy side effects include flu-like symptoms such as headache, muscle and joint aches, fever, chills, and fatigue, especially early in treatment. These are manageable with over-the-counter medications and hydration.

Severe allergic reactions including itching, facial swelling, breathing difficulties, and skin rashes may occur and require immediate medical attention. Injection site reactions like redness, pain, or swelling could indicate an infection or tissue damage and need medical evaluation. Plegridy can also cause heart issues such as congestive heart failure and abnormal heartbeats; report any new or worsening symptoms like breathlessness or leg swelling to your healthcare provider immediately. Blood disorders, liver function changes, and autoimmune conditions like thyroid problems and hepatitis may develop. Consult a healthcare provider for other possible side effects.

References:

1. Plegridy (Peginterferon) Product Monograph. Cambridge, MA: Biogen Inc.; 2023.
2. Plegridy (Peginterferon) Drug Label Information. Cambridge, MA: Biogen Inc.; 2023.

About Dr. Gerardo Sison (Page Author)

An honors graduate of the University of Florida, Dr. Sison started his pharmacy career in a community setting, extending his services to hospitals and clinics over time. He has also worked in medication therapy management, advising patients on proper medication use for their chronic health conditions. Read More....